An Indecisive Indian

  The system of Signalling on Indian Railways(IR) India is based on the conventional Absolute Block System, which in simple terms, means that in a block section between two stations, only one train can be permitted. Since this imposes serious restrictions on line capacity, Automatic Signalling is provided in suburban areas which has a signal every kilometre and therefore larger number of trains can be operated in the section. These systems depend entirely on the vigilance of the driver to sight the signals and run the train accordingly and is, therefore, prone to human error. The issue of upgrading the systems to have an intelligent system, which can alert the drivers about the signals and route parameters ahead, and override any erroneous action or inaction by them, has been under consideration for decades.   The Signalling systems in countries with developed railways have advanced to systems with significantly-reduced human element. In Europe, since trains cross from o...

Anchor:   Welcome Mr.  Ghālib and Mr. Shakespeare to this talk session on the recently concluded Uttar Pradesh assembly elections, 2022. As always, I am in awe, I am really impuissant to introduce your greatness, so I humbly solicit you both to introduce yourselves!   Ghālib : And, as always I am not going to say,   Pūchhte  haiñ vo  ki Ghālib kaun hai koī   batlāo   ki  ham   batlā.eñ    kyā ( Although Ghālib, the passionate lover, is well-known, t he beloved teasingly asks as to who Ghālib is and the former now asks the gathering rhetorically to advise him on a possible reply)   I will instead say that,   Hogā   koī   aisā    bhī    ki   Ghālib    ko   na    jaane shā.ir to vo achchhā hai pa badnām bahut hai ( badnām : disreputable, ill-famed. Is there anyone, any unfortunate individual, who does n...